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Urdu Braille
According to Unesco (2013),〔(World Braille Usage ), UNESCO, 2013〕 there are different braille alphabets for Urdu in India and in Pakistan. The Indian alphabet is based on national Bharati Braille, while the Pakistani alphabet is based on Persian Braille.
==Differences from Persian Braille and from Bharati Braille==
Besides the addition of Urdu-specific consonants, analogous to the additional letters in the print Urdu alphabet compared to the Persian alphabet, Pakistani Urdu Braille differs from Persian Braille in the transcription of the print letter ''(unicode:ž)'', which is written as a digraph in Urdu braille rather than as Persian , which in Urdu is used for ''(unicode:ḍ)''.
Indian Urdu Braille differs from other Bharati braille alphabets in having several letters borrowed from Persian, such as for ''(unicode:q)'' (Bharati ''(unicode:kṣ)''), for ''(unicode:ḥ)'' (Bharati ''(unicode:jñ)''), and for ''(unicode:‘)'' (Bharati ''(unicode:ḻ)''). Another such letter, for ''(unicode:x)'', is shared with Gurmukhi Braille ਖ਼ ''(unicode:x)'' but with no other Bharati alphabet, where is otherwise the vowel ''(unicode:o)''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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